Hysteroscopy is a procedure in which the uterus is examined from the inside. It may be diagnostic or interventional. Diagnostic hysteroscopy allows checking of the endocervix for polyps, adhesions, or malignancy, and checking of the uterine cavity for the presence of a septum, adhesions, malformations, presence of fibroids or polyps, endometrial hyperplasia, and malignancy.

Interventional (or operative) hysteroscopy is used exclusively for: polypectomy (removal of polyps), adhesiolysis, uterine septum correction, myomectomy (removal of fibroids), and endometrial biopsy. Hysteroscopy is minimally traumatic and irreplaceable procedure in treating a number of internal uterine pathologies. The patient usually does not need to stay in hospital after the procedure.